Magnitude of the Problem
2020 - Present
  • Rosenthal VD, Memish ZA, Nicastri E, Leone S, Bearman G. Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections: A position paper of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2024 update. Int J Infect Dis. 2025 Feb;151:107304. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107304. Epub 2024 Nov 17. PMID: 39551089. Abstract

2010 - 2019
  • Aaronson DS, Wu AK, Blaschko SD, McAninch JW, Garcia M. National incidence and impact of noninfectious urethral catheter related complications on the Surgical Care Improvement Project. J Urol. 2011;185(5):1756-60. Abstract
  • Anand P, Kranker K, Chen AY. Estimating the hospital costs of inpatient harms. Health Serv Res. 2019 Feb;54(1):86-96. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13066. Epub 2018 Oct 11. PMID: 30311193; PMCID: PMC6338300. Abstract
  • Chant C, Smith OM, Marshall JC, et al. Relationship of catheter-associated urinary tract infection to mortality and length of stay in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(5):1167-73. Abstract
  • Chenoweth CE, Saint S. Urinary tract infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2011;25(1):103-15. Abstract
  • Caterino JM, Ting SA, Sisbarro SG, Espinola JA, Camargo CA Jr. Age, nursing home residence, and presentation of urinary tract infection in U.S. emergency departments, 2001-2008. Acad Emerg Med. 2012 Oct;19(10):1173-80. Abstract
  • Forrester JD, Maggio PM, Tennakoon L. Cost of health care-associated infections in the United States. J Patient Saf. 2022;18(2):e477-e479. Abstract
  • Hollenbeak CS, Schilling AL. The attributable cost of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the United States: A systematic review. Am J Infect Control. 2018 Jul;46(7):751-757. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.01.015. Epub 2018 Feb 22. PMID: 29478760. Abstract
  • Hollingsworth JM, Rogers MA, Krein SL, Hickner A, Kuhn L, Cheng A, Chang R, Saint S. Determining the noninfectious complications of indwelling urethral catheters: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(6):401-10. Abstract
  • Leuck AM, Wright D, Ellingson L, Kraemer L, Kuskowski MA, Johnson JR. Complications of Foley catheters--is infection the greatest risk? J Urol. 2012;187(5):1662-6. Abstract
  • Magill SS, O'Leary E, Janelle SJ, Thompson DL, Dumyati G, Nadle J, Wilson LE, Kainer MA, Lynfield R, Greissman S, Ray SM, Beldavs Z, Gross C, Bamberg W, Sievers M, Concannon C, Buhr N, Warnke L, Maloney M, Ocampo V, Brooks J, Oyewumi T, Sharmin S, Richards K, Rainbow J, Samper M, Hancock EB, Leaptrot D, Scalise E, Badrun F, Phelps R, Edwards JR; Emerging Infections Program Hospital Prevalence Survey Team. Changes in Prevalence of Health Care-Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals. N Engl J Med. 2018 Nov 1;379(18):1732-1744. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1801550. PMID: 30380384; PMCID: PMC7978499. Abstract
  • Monaghan SF, Heffernan DS, Thakkar RK, et al. The development of a urinary tract infection is associated with increased mortality in trauma patients. J Trauma. 2011;71(6):1569-74. Abstract
  • Pratt R, Pellowe C. Good practice in management of patients with urethral catheters. Nursing Older People.2010;22(8):25-29. Abstract
  • Saint S, Trautner BW, Fowler KE, Colozzi J, Ratz D, Lescinskas E, Hollingsworth JM, Krein SL. A Multicenter Study of Patient-Reported Infectious and Noninfectious Complications Associated With Indwelling Urethral Catheters. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Aug 1;178(8):1078-1085. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.2417. PMID: 29971436; PMCID: PMC6143107. Abstract
  • Umscheid CA, Mitchell MD, Doshi JA, Agarwal R, Williams K, Brennan PJ. Estimating the proportion of healthcare-associated infections that are reasonably preventable and the related mortality and costs. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011;32(2):101-14. Abstract

2000 - 2009
  • Cope M, Cevallos ME, Cadle RM, Darouiche RO, Musher DM, Trautner BW. Inappropriate treatment of catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria in a tertiary care hospital. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48:1182-8. Abstract
  • Saint S, Wiese J, Amory JK, et al. Are physicians aware of which of their patients have indwelling urinary catheters? Am J Med. 2000;109:476-80. Abstract
  • Saint S, Lipsky BA, Goold SD. Indwelling urinary catheters: A one-point restraint? Ann Intern Med.2002;137:125-7. Full text
  • Saint S. Clinical and economic consequences of nosocomial catheter-related bacteriuria. Am J Infect Control.2000;28:68-75. Abstract
  • Tambyah PA, Knasinski V, Maki DG. The direct costs of nosocomial catheter-associated urinary tract infection in the era of managed care. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2002;23:27-31. Abstract
  • Wald HL, Ma A, Bratzler DW, Kramer AM. Indwelling urinary catheter use in the postoperative period: analysis of the national surgical infection prevention project data. Arch Surg. 2008;143:551-7. Full text
  • Wald HL, Epstein AM, Radcliff TA, Kramer AM. Extended use of urinary catheters in older surgical patients: a patient safety problem? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:116-24. Abstract

1980 - 1989
  • Platt R, Polk BF, Murdock B, Rosner B. Reduction of mortality associated with nosocomial urinary tract infection. Lancet. 1983;1:893-7. Abstract
  • Platt R, Polk BF, Murdock B, Rosner B. Mortality associated with nosocomial urinary-tract infection. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:637-42. Abstract

1950 - 1959
  • Beeson PB. The case against the catheter. Am J Med. 1958:1-3. Abstract
Guidelines & Reviews
2020 - Present
  • Chrouser K, Fowler KE, Mann JD, Quinn M, Ameling J, Hendren S, Krapohl G, Skolarus TA, Bernstein SJ, Meddings J. Urinary Retention Evaluation and Catheterization Algorithm for Adult Inpatients. JAMA Netw Open.2024 Jul 1;7(7):e2422281. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.22281. PMID: 39012634; PMCID: PMC11252892. Abstract
  • Patel PK, Advani SD, Kofman AD, Lo E, Maragakis LL, Pegues DA, Pettis AM, Saint S, Trautner B, Yokoe DS, Meddings J. Strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2023 Aug;44(8):1209-1231. doi: 10.1017/ice.2023.137. Epub 2023 Aug 25. PMID: 37620117; PMCID: PMC11287483. Full text
  • Scruggs-Wodkowski E, Kidder I, Meddings J, Patel PK. Urinary Catheter-Associated Infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2024 Dec;38(4):713-729. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2024.07.006. Epub 2024 Sep 10. PMID: 39261137. Abstract

2010 - 2019
  • Meddings J, Manojlovich M, Fowler KE, Ameling JM, Greene L, Collier S, Bhatt J, Saint S. A Tiered Approach for Preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Oct 1;171(7_Suppl):S30-S37. doi: 10.7326/M18-3471. PMID: 31569226. Full text
  • Meddings J, Rogers MA, Macy M, Saint S. Systematic review and meta-analysis: reminder systems to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections and urinary catheter use in hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis2010;51:550-60. Abstract
  • Meddings J, Saint S, Krein SL, Gaies E, Reichert H, Hickner A, McNamara S, Mann JD, Mody L. Systematic Review of Interventions to Reduce Urinary Tract Infection in Nursing Home Residents. J Hosp Med. 2017 May;12(5):356-368. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2724. PMID: 28459908; PMCID: PMC5557395. Full text
  • Patel PK, Gupta A, Vaughn VM, Mann JD, Ameling JM, Meddings J. Review of Strategies to Reduce Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) and Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) in Adult ICUs. J Hosp Med. 2018 Feb 1;13(2):105-116. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2856. Epub 2017 Nov 8. PMID: 29154382. Abstract
  • Seckel MA. Maintaining urinary catheters: What does the evidence say? Nursing. 2013;43(2):63-65. Abstract
  • Sharma L. Evidence summary: Urinary tract infection (catheter related) prevention. Joanna Briggs Institute. 2013. Full text
  • Shekelle PG, Pronovost PJ, Wachter RM, et al. The top patient safety strategies that can be encouraged for adoption now. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(5 Pt 2):365-8. Abstract
Interventions to Reduce Inappropriate Utilization
2020 - Present
  • Meddings J, Greene MT, Ratz D, Ameling J, Fowler KE, Rolle AJ, Hung L, Collier S, Saint S. Multistate programme to reduce catheter-associated infections in intensive care units with elevated infection rates. BMJ Qual Saf. 2020 May;29(5):418-429. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009330. Epub 2020 Jan 6. PMID: 31911543; PMCID: PMC7176547. Full text

2010 - 2019
  • Andreessen L, Wilde MH, Herendeen P. Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections in acute care: the bundle approach. J Nurs Care Qual. 2012;27(3):209-217. Abstract
  • Bruminhent J, Keegan M, Lakhani A, Roberts IM, Passalacqua J. Effectiveness of a simple intervention for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in a community teaching hospital. Am J Infect Control.2010;38(9):689-693. Abstract
  • Dyc NG, Pena ME, Shemes SP, Rey JE, Szpunar SM, Fakih MG. The effect of resident peer-to-peer education on compliance with urinary catheter placement indications in the emergency department. Postgrad Med J.2011;87(1034):814-8. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Rey JE, Pena ME, Szpunar S, Saravolatz LD. Sustained reductions in urinary catheter use over 5 years: Bedside nurses view themselves responsible for evaluation of catheter necessity. Am J Infect Control.2013;41(3):236-9. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Watson SR, Greene MT, Kennedy EH, Olmsted RN, Krein SL, Saint S. Reducing inappropriate urinary catheter use: a statewide effort. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172(3):255-60. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Krein SL, Edson B, Watson SR, Battles JB, Saint S. Engaging health care workers to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection and avert patient harm. Am J Infect Control. 2014 Oct;42(10 Suppl):S223-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.355. PMID: 25239714. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Pena ME, Shemes S, Rey J, Berriel-Cass D, Szpunar SM, Savoy-Moore RT, Saravolatz LD. Effect of establishing guidelines on appropriate urinary catheter placement. Acad Emerg Med. 2010;17(3):337-40. Abstract
  • Fink R, Gilmartin H, Richard A, Capezuti E, Boltz M, Wald H. Indwelling urinary catheter management and catheter-associated urinary tract infection practices in Nursing Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders Hospitals. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40:715-20. Abstract
  • Fuchs MA, Sexton DJ, Thornlow DK, Champagne MT. Evaluation of an evidence-based, nurse-driven checklist to prevent hospital-acquired catheter-associated urinary tract infections in intensive care units. J Nurs Care Qual.2011;26(2):101-109. Abstract
  • Knoll BM, Wright D, Ellingson L, et al. Reduction of inappropriate urinary catheter use at a Veterans Affairs hospital through a multifaceted quality improvement project. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(11):1283-90. Abstract
  • Meddings J, Krein SL, Fakih MG, Olmsted RN, Saint S. Chapter 9. Reducing unnecessary urinary catheter use and other strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections: Brief update review. In Making Health Care Safer II: An Updated Critical Analysis of the Evidence for Patient Safety Practices. March 2013. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Full text
  • Meddings J, Manojlovich M, Ameling JM, Olmsted RN, Rolle AJ, Greene MT, Ratz D, Snyder A, Saint S.Quantitative Results of a National Intervention to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection: A Pre-Post Observational Study. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Oct 1;171(7_Suppl):S38-S44. doi: 10.7326/M18-3534. PMID: 31569231. Full text
  • Meddings J, Rogers MA, Krein SL, Fakih MG, Olmsted RN, Saint S. Reducing unnecessary urinary catheter use and other strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection: an integrative review. BMJ Qual Saf.2013. Abstract

2000 - 2009
  • Apisarnthanarak A, Thongphubeth K, Sirinvaravong S, et al. Effectiveness of multifaceted hospitalwide quality improvement programs featuring an intervention to remove unnecessary urinary catheters at a tertiary care center in Thailand. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28:791-8. Abstract
  • Crouzet J, Bertrand X, Venier AG, Badoz M, Husson C, Talon D. Control of the duration of urinary catheterization: impact on catheter-associated urinary tract infection. J Hosp Infect. 2007;67:253-7. Abstract
  • Elpern EH, Killeen K, Ketchem A, Wiley A, Patel G, Lateef O. Reducing use of indwelling urinary catheters and associated urinary tract infections. Am J Crit Care. 2009;18(6):535-41; quiz 42. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Dueweke C, Meisner S, et al. Effect of nurse-led multidisciplinary rounds on reducing the unnecessary use of urinary catheterization in hospitalized patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:815-9. Abstract
  • Loeb M, Hunt D, O'Halloran K, Carusone SC, Dafoe N, Walter SD. Stop orders to reduce inappropriate urinary catheterization in hospitalized patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23:816-20. Full text
  • Rothfeld AF, Stickley A. A program to limit urinary catheter use at an acute care hospital. Am J Infect Control.2010;38(7):568-571. Abstract
  • Saint S, Olmsted RN, Fakih MG, et al. Translating health care-associated urinary tract infection prevention research into practice via the bladder bundle. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2009;35:449-55. Full text

1980 - 1999
  • Dumigan DG, Kohan CA, Reed CR, Jekel JF, Fikrig MK. Utilizing national nosocomial infection surveillance system data to improve urinary tract infection rates in three intensive-care units. Clin Perform Qual Health Care.1998;6:172-8. Abstract
Indications for Indwelling Urinary Catheter Use
2020 - Present
  • Meddings J, Skolarus TA, Fowler KE, Bernstein SJ, Dimick JB, Mann JD, Saint S. Michigan Appropriate Perioperative (MAP) criteria for urinary catheter use in common general and orthopaedic surgeries: results obtained using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. BMJ Qual Saf. 2019 Jan;28(1):56-66. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008025. Epub 2018 Aug 12. PMID: 30100564; PMCID: PMC6365917. Full text

2010 - 2019
  • Fakih MG, Pena ME, Shemes S, et al. Effect of establishing guidelines on appropriate urinary catheter placement. Acad Emerg Med. 2010;17:337-40. Abstract
  • Meddings J, Saint S, Fowler KE, Gaies E, Hickner A, Krein SL, Bernstein SJ. The Ann Arbor Criteria for Appropriate Urinary Catheter Use in Hospitalized Medical Patients: Results Obtained by Using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. Ann Intern Med. 2015 May 5;162(9 Suppl):S1-34. doi: 10.7326/M14-1304. PMID: 25938928. Full text

2000 - 2009
  • Bladder management for adults with spinal cord injury: a clinical practice guideline for health-care providers. J Spinal Cord Med. 2006;29:527-73. Full text
  • Gokula RM, Smith MA, Hickner J. Emergency room staff education and use of a urinary catheter indication sheet improves appropriate use of Foley catheters. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35:589-93. Abstract

1990 - 1999
  • Jain P, Parada JP, David A, Smith LG. Overuse of the indwelling urinary tract catheter in hospitalized medical patients. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:1425-9. PubMed
  • The prevention and management of urinary tract infections among people with spinal cord injuries. National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research consensus statement. January 27-29, 1992. SCI Nurs.1993;10:49-61. Abstract
Avoiding the Indwelling Catheter including Alternatives to Indwelling Catheters
2020 - Present
  • Cassone M, Ameling J, Mody L, Patel S, Muyanja NS, Meddings J. Impact of external female urinary catheter use on urine chemistry test results. Am J Infect Control. 2024 Aug;52(8):919-924. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.03.010. Epub 2024 Mar 27. PMID: 38552717. Abstract
  • Pryor N, Wang J, Young J, Townsend W, Ameling J, Henderson J, Meddings J. Clinical outcomes of female external urine wicking devices as alternatives to indwelling catheters: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2024 May 6;45(9):1-9. doi: 10.1017/ice.2024.73. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38706216; PMCID: PMC11518674. Full text
  • Saint S, Greene MT, Krein SL, Fowler KE, Linder KA, Ratz D, Meddings J. What US hospitals are doing to prevent common device-associated infections during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Results from a national survey in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2023 Dec;44(12):1913-1919. doi: 10.1017/ice.2023.65. Epub 2023 Jun 1. PMID: 37259703; PMCID: PMC10755151. Full text

2010 - 2019
  • Gray M, Skinner C, Kaler W. External Collection Devices as an Alternative to the Indwelling Urinary Catheter: Evidence-Based Review and Expert Clinical Panel Deliberations. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2016 May-Jun;43(3):301-7. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000000220. PMID: 26974963; PMCID: PMC4870965. Full text
  • Krein SL, Kowalski CP, Harrod M, Forman J, Saint S. Barriers to reducing urinary catheter use: A qualitative assessment of a statewide initiative. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;25:1-6. Abstract
  • Meddings J, Krein SL, Fakih MG, Olmsted RN, Saint S. Chapter 9. Reducing unnecessary urinary catheter use and other strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections: Brief update review. In Making Health Care Safer II: An Updated Critical Analysis of the Evidence for Patient Safety Practices. March 2013. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Full text
  • Saint S, Greene MT, Olmsted RN, Chopra V, Meddings J, Safdar N, Krein SL. Perceived strength of evidence supporting practices to prevent health care-associated infection: results from a national survey of infection prevention personnel. Am J Infect Control. 2013;41(2):100-6. Abstract
  • Saint S, Greene MT, Kowalski CP, Watson SR, Hofer TP, Krein SL. Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection in the United States: A national comparative study. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;25:1-6. Abstract

2000 - 2009
  • Chen YT, Lin MH, Lai HY, Hwang SJ, Chen LK. Potentially inappropriate urinary catheter indwelling among long-term care facilities residents. J Eval Clin Pract. 2009;15:592-4. Abstract
  • Fink HA, Taylor BC, Tacklind JW, Rutks IR, Wilt TJ. Treatment interventions in nursing home residents with urinary incontinence: a systematic review of randomized trials. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83:1332-43. Full text
  • Jirovec MM, Templin T. Predicting success using individualized scheduled toileting for memory-impaired elders at home. Res Nurs Health. 2001;24:1-8. Full text
  • Morgan C, Endozoa N, Paradiso C, McNamara M, McGuire M. Enhanced toileting program decreases incontinence in long-term care. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2008;34:206-8. Full text
  • Saint S, Kaufman SR, Rogers MA, Baker PD, Ossenkop K, Lipsky BA. Condom versus indwelling urinary catheters: a randomized trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54:1055-61. Abstract

1990 - 1999
  • Kuhn W, Rist M, Zaech GA. Intermittent urethral self-catheterisation: long-term results (bacteriological evolution, continence, acceptance, complications). Paraplegia. 1991;29:222-32. Abstract
  • Moore DA, Edwards K. Using a portable bladder scan to reduce the incidence of nosocomial urinary tract infections. MEDSURG Nursing. 1997;6:39-43. Abstract
  • Saint S, Lipsky BA, Baker PD, McDonald LL, Ossenkop K. Urinary catheters: What type do men and their nurses prefer? J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999;47:1453-7. Abstract

1980 - 1989
  • Ouslander JG, Greengold B, Chen S. External catheter use and urinary tract infections among incontinent male nursing home patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1987;35:1063-70. Abstract
  • Ouslander JG, Greengold B, Chen S. Complications of chronic indwelling urinary catheters among male nursing home patients: a prospective study. J Urol. 1987;138:1191-5. Abstract

1970 - 1979
  • Lapides J, Diokno AC, Silber SJ, Lowe BS. Clean, intermittent self-catheterization in the treatment of urinary tract disease. J Urol. 1972;107:458-61. PubMed record (no abstract)
  • Lapides J, Diokno AC, Lowe BS, Kalish MD. Follow-up on unsterile intermittent self-catheterization. J Urol.1974;111:184-7. PubMed record (no abstract)
Indwelling Urinary Catheter Maintenance
2010 - 2019
  • Geng V, Cobussen-Boekhorst H, Gea-Sanchez M. Catheterisation: Indwelling Catheters in Adults. Evidence-based Guidelines for Best Practice in Urological Health Care. 2012. Full Publication
  • Harris TA. Changing practice to reduce the use of urinary catheters. Nursing. 2010;40:18-20. PubMed record (no abstract)
  • Oman KS, Makic MB, Fink R, Schraeder N, Hulett T, Keech T, Wald H. Nurse-directed interventions to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40(6):548-53. Abstract

2000 - 2009
  • Gray ML. Securing the indwelling catheter. Am J Nurs. 2008;108:44-50. Abstract
  • Newman DK. The indwelling urinary catheter: principles for best practice. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs.2007;34:655-61; quiz 62-3. Abstract
  • Willson M, Wilde M, Webb ML, Thompson D, Parker D, Harwood J, Callan L, Gray M. Nursing interventions to reduce the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection: part 2: staff education, monitoring, and care techniques. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2009;36(2):137-54. Abstract​

1980 - 1989
  • Burke JP, Jacobson JA, Garibaldi RA, Conti MT, Alling DW. Evaluation of daily meatal care with poly-antibiotic ointment in prevention of urinary catheter-associated bacteriuria. J Urol. 1983;129:331-4. Abstract
  • Burke JP, Garibaldi RA, Britt MR, Jacobson JA, Conti M, Alling DW. Prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Efficacy of daily meatal care regimens. Am J Med. 1981;70:655-8. Abstract

1960 - 1969
  • Kunin CM, McCormack RC. Prevention of catheter-induced urinary-tract infections by sterile closed drainage. N Engl J Med. 1966;274:1155-61. PubMed record (no abstract)
Antimicrobial Catheters
2020 - Present
  • Chadha J, Thakur N, Chhibber S, Harjai K. A comprehensive status update on modification of Foley catheter to combat catheter-associated urinary tract infections and microbial biofilms. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2024 Mar;50(2):168-195. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2023.2167593. Epub 2023 Jan 18. PMID: 36651058. Abstract

2010 - 2019
  • Pickard R, Lam T, Maclennan G, et al. Antimicrobial catheters for reduction of symptomatic urinary tract infection in adults requiring short-term catheterisation in hospital: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet.2012;380(9857):1927-35. Abstract
  • Accompanying editorial: Leone M. Prevention of CAUTI: simple is beautiful. Lancet.2012;380(9857):1891-2. PubMed record (no abstract)

2000 - 2009
  • Schumm K, Lam TB. Types of urethral catheters for management of short-term voiding problems in hospitalised adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008:CD004013. Abstract
  • Stensballe J, Tvede M, Looms D, et al. Infection risk with nitrofurazone-impregnated urinary catheters in trauma patients: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:285-93. Abstract
  • Johnson JR, Kuskowski MA, Wilt TJ. Systematic review: antimicrobial urinary catheters to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:116-26. Abstract
Surveillance & Metrics
2020 - Present
  • Advani SD, Cawcutt K, Klompas M, Marschall J, Meddings J, Patel PK. The next frontier of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) surveillance metrics: Beyond device-associated infections. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2024 Jun;45(6):693-697. doi: 10.1017/ice.2023.283. Epub 2024 Jan 15. PMID: 38221847. Full text

2010 - 2019
  • Fakih MG, Gould CV, Trautner BW, Meddings J, Olmsted RN, Krein SL, Saint S. Beyond Infection: Device Utilization Ratio as a Performance Measure for Urinary Catheter Harm. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016 Mar;37(3):327-33. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.287. PMID: 26894622; PMCID: PMC6502466. Full text
  • Fakih MG, Greene MT, Kennedy EH, et al. Introducing a population-based outcome measure to evaluate the effect of interventions to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Am J Infect Control. 2012 May;40(4):359-64. Abstract
  • Choudhuri JA, Pergamit RF, Chan JD, et al. An electronic catheter-associated urinary tract infection surveillance tool. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011;32(8):757-62. Abstract
  • Parry M, Grant B, Sestovic M, Compton RN, Jones K, Giles ME. A paradox: successful urinary catheter reduction initiative leads to increased CAUTI rates. SHEA 2011 Annual Meeting, April 1-4, Dallas, Texas. Abstract
  • Trick WE, Samore M. Denominators for device infections: who and how to count. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.2011;32(7):641-3. PubMed record (no abstract)
  • Wright MO, Kharasch M, Beaumont JL, Peterson LR, Robicsek A. Reporting catheter-associated urinary tract infections: denominator matters. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011;32(7):635-40. Abstract
Implementation & Policy Issues
2020 - Present
  • Manojlovich M, Ameling JM, Forman J, Judkins S, Quinn M, Meddings J. Contextual Barriers to Communication Between Physicians and Nurses About Appropriate Catheter Use. Am J Crit Care. 2019 Jul;28(4):290-298. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2019372. PMID: 31263012; PMCID: PMC6760297. Full text

2010 - 2019
  • Conway LJ, Pogorzelska M, Larson E, Stone PW. Adoption of policies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in United States intensive care units. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40:705-10. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Greene MT, Kennedy EH, Meddings JA, Krein SL, Olmsted RN, Saint S. Introducing a population-based outcome measure to evaluate the effect of interventions to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40(4):359-64. Abstract
  • Fakih MG, Rey JE, Pena ME, Szpunar S, Saravolatz LD. Sustained reductions in urinary catheter use over 5 years: Bedside nurses view themselves responsible for evaluation of catheter necessity. Am J Infect Control.2013;41(3):236-9. Abstract
  • Krein SL, Kowalski CP, Hofer TP, Saint S. Preventing hospital-acquired infections: A national survey of practices reported by U.S. hospitals in 2005 and 2009. J Gen Intern Med. 2011;27(7):773-9. Abstract
  • Meddings JA, Reichert H, Rogers MA, Saint S, Stephansky J, McMahon LF. Effect of nonpayment for hospital-acquired, catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a statewide analysis. Ann Intern Med.2012;157(5):305-12. PubMed PMID: 22944872. Abstract Accompanying editorial: Rosof B. The importance of accurate data in quality-of-care measurement. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157(5):379-80. PubMed PMID: 22944876. PubMed record
  • Metersky ML, Eldridge N, Wang Y, Mortensen EM, Meddings J. National trends in the frequency of bladder catheterization and physician-diagnosed catheter-associated urinary tract infections: Results from the Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System. Am J Infect Control. 2017 Aug 1;45(8):901-904. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Jun 16. PMID: 28625702. Abstract
  • Saint S, Gaies E, Fowler KE, Harrod M, Krein SL. Introducing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention guide to patient safety (GPS). Am J Infect Control. 2014 May;42(5):548-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.12.019. Epub 2014 Feb 24. PMID: 24576604; PMCID: PMC4006283. Full text
  • Saint S, Krein SL, Manojlovich M, Kowalski CP, Zawol D, Shojania KG. Introducing the patient safety professional: why, what, who, how, and where? J Patient Saf. 2011;7(4):175-80. Abstract

2000 - 2009
  • McNair PD, Luft HS, Bindman AB. Medicare's policy not to pay for treating hospital-acquired conditions: the impact. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28:1485-93. Abstract
  • Meddings J, Saint S, McMahon LF Jr. Hospital-acquired catheter-associated urinary tract infection: documentation and coding issues may reduce financial impact of Medicare's new payment policy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010;31:627-33. Abstract
  • Saint S, Kowalski CP, Banaszak-Holl J, Forman J, Damschroder L, Krein SL. The importance of leadership in preventing healthcare-associated infection: results of a multisite qualitative study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.2010;31:901-7. Abstract
  • Saint S, Kowalski CP, Banaszak-Holl J, Forman J, Damschroder L, Krein SL. How active resisters and organizational constipators affect health care-acquired infection prevention efforts. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf.2009;35:239-46. Abstract
  • Saint S, Meddings JA, Calfee DP, Kowalski CP, Krein SL. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection and the Medicare rules changes. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:877-85. Full text
  • Saint S, Kowalski CP, Forman J, et al. A multicenter qualitative study on preventing hospital-acquired urinary tract infection in US hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:333-41. Abstract
  • Saint S, Kowalski CP, Kaufman SR, et al. Preventing hospital-acquired urinary tract infection in the United States: a national study. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:243-50. Full text
  • Straube B, Blum JD. The policy on paying for treating hospital-acquired conditions: CMS officials respond. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28:1494-7. Abstract
  • Wald HL, Kramer AM. Nonpayment for harms resulting from medical care: catheter-associated urinary tract infections. JAMA. 2007;298:2782-4. PubMed record (no abstract)
  • Zhan C, Elixhauser A, Richards CL Jr., et al. Identification of hospital-acquired catheter-associated urinary tract infections from Medicare claims: sensitivity and positive predictive value. Med Care. 2009;47:364-9. Abstract

1990 - 1999
Urinary Retention Measurement and Management
2020 - Present
  • Chrouser K, Fowler KE, Mann JD, Quinn M, Ameling J, Hendren S, Krapohl G, Skolarus TA, Bernstein SJ, Meddings J. Urinary Retention Evaluation and Catheterization Algorithm for Adult Inpatients. JAMA Netw Open.2024 Jul 1;7(7):e2422281. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.22281. PMID: 39012634; PMCID: PMC11252892. Full text
  • Hendren S, Ameling J, Rocker C, Sulich C, Greene MT, Meddings J. Validation of measures for perioperative urinary catheter use, urinary retention, and urinary catheter-related trauma in surgical patients. Am J Surg. 2024 Feb;228:199-205. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.09.027. Epub 2023 Sep 20. PMID: 37798151; PMCID: PMC10922583. Full text
Timely Removal of Cathethers
2020 - Present
  • Saint S, Greene MT, Krein SL, Fowler KE, Linder KA, Ratz D, Meddings J. What US hospitals are doing to prevent common device-associated infections during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Results from a national survey in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2023 Dec;44(12):1913-1919. doi: 10.1017/ice.2023.65. Epub 2023 Jun 1. PMID: 37259703; PMCID: PMC10755151. Full text
  • Quinn M, Ameling JM, Forman J, Krein SL, Manojlovich M, Fowler KE, King EA, Meddings J. Persistent Barriers to Timely Catheter Removal Identified from Clinical Observations and Interviews. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2020 Feb;46(2):99-108. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Dec 23. PMID: 31879072; PMCID: PMC7244360. Full text





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